Symptoms and Causes of Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer is a type of cancer that affects the cells of the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck and produces hormones that regulate metabolism. It occurs when the cells in the thyroid gland grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a tumor. There are different types of thyroid cancer, including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. The most common typeis papillary thyroid cancer, which is usually slow-growing and responds well to treatment.
In its early stages, thyroid cancer may not cause any noticeable signs or symptoms. However, as the cancer grows, some people may experience:
- A lump or nodule in the front of the neck, which may be painless or tender to the touch
- Swelling in the neck or enlarged lymph nodes
- Hoarseness or changes in the voice
- Difficulty swallowing or breathing
- Persistent cough, unrelated to a cold or allergies
- Pain in the neck or throat area
- Changes in the thyroid gland’s function, such as an overactive or underactive thyroid
- It’s important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, such as thyroid nodules or inflammation, so it’s important to see a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Causes of Thyroid Cancer
The exact cause of thyroid cancer is not clear, but there are several factors that may increase the risk of developing the disease, including:
Family history
Having a family member withThyroid cancer or a genetic condition that affects the thyroid gland, such as familial medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2).
Exposure to radiation
Being exposed to radiation, especially during childhood, increases the risk of developing thyroid cancer.
Gender
Thyroid cancer is more commonly diagnosed in women than men
Age
Thyroid cancer is most commonly diagnosed in people over 40 years of age.
Diet
A diet low in iodine may increase the risk of thyroid cancer.
Benign thyroid conditions
Certainbenignthyroid conditions, such as goiter or thyroid nodules, may increase the risk of developing thyroid cancer.
It’s important to note that having one or more risk factors does not necessarily mean that someone will develop thyroid cancer, and many people with thyroid cancer have no known risk factors.
Prevention of Thyroid Cancer
There are no specific ways toprevent thyroid cancerentirely, but there are some steps people can take to reduce their risk:
Avoid exposure to radiation
Reducing exposure to radiation, especially during childhood, can lower the risk of developing thyroid cancer.
Eat a balanced diet
Eating a diet rich in iodine may help reduce the risk of thyroid cancer.
Regular medical check-ups
Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help detect any changes in the thyroid gland early on.
Family history
People with a family history of thyroid cancer or genetic conditions that affect the thyroid gland, such as familial medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), should talk to their healthcare provider about genetic testing and screening options.
Quit smoking
Smoking has been linked to an increased risk of thyroid cancer, so quitting smoking or not starting to smoke can help lower the risk.
It’s important to note that these measures can help reduce the risk of thyroid cancer, but they cannot completely prevent the disease. Regular medical check-ups are especially important for people with a family history of thyroid cancer or other risk factors.
Disclaimer
This information on this article is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All content in this site contained through this Web site is for general information purposes only.